Ubuntu 18.04 Generate New Ssh Key

Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol used for a secure connection between a client and a server and supports various authentication mechanisms.

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The two most popular mechanisms are passwords based authentication and public key-based authentication. Using SSH keys is more secure and convenient than traditional password authentication.

In this tutorial, we will walk through how to generate SSH keys on Ubuntu 18.04 machines. We will also show you how to set up an SSH key-based authentication and connect to your remote Linux servers without entering a password.

After creating the private and public key and copying the latter on your Ubuntu 18.04 server, go ahead and disable SSH password authentication. This will make sure that no-one can log on to the server using a username and a password combination.

Jul 09, 2018 “How to Add an SSH Public Key to GitHub from an Ubuntu 18.04 LTS System” covers the entire process of creating an SSH key pair on an Ubuntu 18.04 LTS system and adding the public key to GitHub.
Step 1: Generate a SSH Key Pair. If you’re using another Linux computer to connect to the server, then generaing SSH key pair and exporting it to the server should be a bit easier than a non Linux host To generate a SSH key pair, run the commands below from the Linux client machine.

Creating SSH keys on Ubuntu #

Before generating a new SSH key pair first, check for existing SSH keys on your Ubuntu client machine. You can do that by running the following ls command:

If the command above prints something like No such file or directory or no matches found it means that you don’t have SSH keys on your client machine and you can proceed with the next step, and generate SSH key pair.

If there are existing keys, you can either use those and skip the next step or backup up the old keys and generate new ones.

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https://enidfa.weebly.com/spore-free-download-mac.html. Generate a new 4096 bits SSH key pair with your email address as a comment by typing:

The output will look something like this:

Press Enter to accept the default file location and file name.

Next, you’ll be prompted to type a secure passphrase. Whether you want to use passphrase, it’s up to you. If you choose to use passphrase you will get an extra layer of security.

If you don’t want to use passphrase just press Enter.

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The whole interaction looks like this:

To verify your new SSH key pair is generated, type:

Copy the Public Key to Ubuntu Server #

Now that you generated your SSH key pair, the next step is to copy the public key to the server you want to manage.

The easiest and the recommended way to copy your public key to the server is to use a utility called ssh-copy-id. On your local machine terminal type:

You will be prompted to enter the remote_username password:

Once the user is authenticated, the public key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub will be appended to the remote user ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file and connection will be closed.

If by some reason the ssh-copy-id utility is not available on your local computer, you can use the following command to copy the public key:

Login to your server using SSH keys #

After completing the steps above you should be able to log in to the remote server without being prompted for a password.

To test it, try to login to your server via SSH:

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If you haven’t set a passphrase for the private key, you will be logged in immediately. Otherwise, you will be prompted to enter the passphrase.

Disabling SSH Password Authentication #

Disabling the password authentication adds an extra layer of security to your server.

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https://jhgmkug.weebly.com/external-storage-for-mac.html. Before disabling SSH password authentication, make sure you can log in to your server without a password, and the user you are logging in with has sudo privileges.

Log into your remote server:

Blur game license key generator. Open the SSH configuration file /etc/ssh/sshd_config with your text editor:

Search for the following directives and modify as it follows:

Once you are done, save the file and restart the SSH service by typing:

At this point, the password-based authentication is disabled.

Conclusion #

In this tutorial, you have learned how to generate a new SSH key pair and set up an SSH key-based authentication. You can add the same key to multiple remote servers. We have also shown you how to disable SSH password authentication and add an extra layer of security to your server.

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4096-bit RSA keys generated by the Infineon library are not known to be practically factorizable at current publication time, but affected users should not rely on this property for the long-term future.Vendor Information. Infineon rsa key generation issue. Only RSA key generation is impacted, not use of secure keys. Alternatively, if RSA keys are required, affected users may generate an RSA key pair using different method (e.g., OpenSSL) and then use the new secure RSA key pair with the old device. Affected users should consider generating a new ECC key pair to replace the vulnerable RSA key pair. Generate a new RSA or ECC key pair ECC keys are not impacted by this vulnerability.

By default, SSH listens on port 22. Changing the default SSH port reduces the risk of automated attacks.

If you are regularly connecting to multiple systems, you can simplify your workflow by defining all of your connections in the SSH config file.

If you have any questions or feedback, feel free to leave a comment.

I am a new Ubuntu 18.04 LTS user and I would like to setup ssh public key authentication. How do I set up ssh keys based authentication on Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS server? How do I set up SSH keys on an Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS server? In Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, how do I set up public key authentication?
Introduction: OpenSSH is a free and open source client/server technology for secure remote login. It is an implementation of the SSH protocol. OpenSSH divided into sshd (server) and various client tools such as sftp, scp, ssh and more. One can do remote login with OpenSSH either using password or combination of private and public keys named as public key based authentication. It is an alternative security method for user passwords. This method is recommended on a VPS, cloud, dedicated or even home-based server or laptop. This page shows how to set up SSH keys on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS server.

Ubuntu 18.04 Setup SSH Public Key Authentication

The procedure to set up secure ssh keys on Ubuntu 18.04:

Create the key pair using ssh-keygen command.
Copy and install the public key using ssh-copy-id command.
Add yourself to sudo admin account on Ubuntu 18.04 server.
Disable the password login for root account on Ubuntu 18.04.

Sample set up for SSH Keys on Ubuntu 18.04

Where,

202.54.1.55 – You store your public key on the remote hosts and you have an accounts on this Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS server.
Linux/macbook laptop – Your private key stays on the desktop/laptop/computer (or local server) you use to connect to 202.54.1.55 server. Do not share or give your private file to anyone.

In public key based method you can log into remote hosts and server, and transfer files to them, without using your account passwords. Feel free to replace 202.54.1.55 and client names with your actual setup. Enough talk, let’s set up public key authentication on Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS.

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How to create the RSA/ed25519 key pair on your local desktop/laptop

Open the Terminal and type following commands if .ssh directory does not exists:
$ mkdir -p $HOME/.ssh $ chmod 0700 $HOME/.ssh
Next generate a key pair for the protocol, run:
$ ssh-keygen
OR
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa 4096 -C 'My key for Linode server'
These days ED25519 keys are favored over RSA keys when backward compatibility is not needed:
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C 'My key for Linux server # 42'

How to install the public key in Ubuntu 18.04 remote server

The syntax is as follows:
ssh-copy-id your-user-name@your-ubuntu-server-name ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/file.pub your-user-name@your-ubuntu-server-name
For example:
## for RSA KEY ## ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@202.54.1.55 ## for ED25519 KEY ## ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub user@202.54.1.55 ## install SSH KEY for root user ## ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub root@202.54.1.55
I am going to install ssh key for a user named vivek (type command on your laptop/desktop where you generated RSA/ed25519 keys):
$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub vivek@202.54.1.55

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Test it

Now try logging into the Ubuntu 18.04 LTS server, with ssh command from your client computer/laptop using ssh keys:
$ ssh your-user@your-server-name-here $ ssh vivek@202.54.1.55

What are ssh-agent and ssh-add, and how do I use them on Ubuntu 18.04?

To get rid of a passphrase for the current session, add a passphrase to ssh-agent (see ssh-agent command for more info) and you will not be prompted for it when using ssh or scp/sftp/rsync to connect to hosts with your public key. The syntax is as follows:
$ eval $(ssh-agent)
Type the ssh-add command to prompt the user for a private key passphrase and adds it to the list maintained by ssh-agent command:
$ ssh-add
Enter your private key passphrase. Now try again to log into vivek@202.54.1.55 and you will NOT be prompted for a password:
$ ssh vivek@202.54.1.55

How to disable the password based login on a Ubuntu 18.04 server

Login to your server, type:
## client commands ## $ eval $(ssh-agent) $ ssh-add $ ssh vivek@202.54.1.55
Now login as root user:
$ sudo -i
OR
$ su -i
Edit sshd_config file:
# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
OR
# nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Find PermitRootLogin and set it as follows:
PermitRootLogin no
Save and close the file. I am going to add a user named vivek to sudoers group on Ubuntu 18.04 server so that we can run sysadmin tasks:
# adduser vivek sudo
Restart/reload the sshd service:
# systemctl reload ssh
You can exit from all session and test it as follows:
$ ssh vivek@202.54.1.55 ## become root on server for sysadmin task ## $ sudo -i

How do I add or replace a passphrase for an existing private key?

Ubuntu 18.04 Generate Ssh Key

To to change your SSH passphrase type the following command:
$ ssh-keygen -p

How do I backup my existing private/public SSH keys

Just copy files to your backup server or external USB pen/hard drive:

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How do I protect my ssh keys?

Always use a strong passphrase.
Do not share your private keys anywhere online or store in insecure cloud storage or gitlab/github servers.
Restrict privileges of the account.

Tip: Create and setup an OpenSSH config file to create shortcuts for servers

See how to create and use an OpenSSH ssh_config file for more info.